- very preterm infants with a gestational age < 32 weeks
- very low birth weight infants < 1500g
- intraventricular haemorrhage (grade II - IV)
- chronological age < 8 days
-
genetically defined syndromes
- severe congenital malformation adversely affecting life expectancy or neurodevelopment
- admitted a priori for palliative care
- unlikely to participate at 5-year follow-up examination